Download complete project topic on Influence Of Sociometric Status Among Secondary School Students In Nigeria from chapter one to five.
CHAPTER ONE
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INTRODUCTION
Background to the Study
Peer relations is one of the most important factors in any classroom functioning. Harmonious relationships among the students groups make for a positive classroom climate which is critical to successful learning and higher academic performance.
Likewise group formation is a natural tendency in human beings. Whenever human beings come together, they form lines of associations and set up the process of social interactions. The quality of these associations produce what is called atmosphere for the group. This is true in other social settings as well as in the classroom; the child’s interaction with his class group has been recognized to influence accomplishment.
Since the classroom is the miniature society, which accepts the child as a full fledge member and which also gives him a lot of personal attention, the social position he holds in the classroom assumes vital importance not only to his successful integration into school life, but also to his academic achievement.
It is believed that happiness and effectiveness of the individual child depends on the degree of cordiality of his relationship with his classmates.
Moreno (1934) first suggested the use of socio metric technique for the study of social acceptance and repulsion between individuals within a group, and structure of interpersonal relation that exist among them depending on the nature of the group.
In classroom situation it is very important to know the ways the students interact with others or choose one another for friendship, work or doing some activities. In this atmosphere, some individuals are secure and happy, while others may feel rejected, or frustrated and isolated in their social participation.
These patterns of friendships and rejection play an important role in determining how the group react to learning situations hence academic performance. By knowing the socio metric status of the students, even the social structure of the school can be understood.
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Sociometry provides a means of measuring of attitudes of social acceptance by peers and their interpersonal relationships with them, through expressed preferences among members of their groups. It is equally used in appraising status, changes in the friendship patterns, and also makes it possible to study the psychological properties of groups, uncovering their feelings and perception regarding one another.
Bunting (2004) supported Moreno’s work that sociometry methods can also be used in the area of work or problem solving group, because the method respects individual’s choice of partner as well as guaranteeing their privacy of choice. This increases productivity and reduces tension and conflict that more often characterize work groups.
In classroom situation teachers know the group of students they worked with, are more than an aggregation of individuals, they know that the groups have form and structure, that there are patterns sub groups, cliques and specific friendships.
Some students are liked more than others (stars), some are less liked often even rejected by their group, and others have no friends and are ignored (rejectees, neglectees and the isolates). Here teacher should make effort to teach social competencies necessary to reduce social isolation and rejection; there is some evidence that social isolation and rejection is related to lack of social competences.
Anyebe (2003) observed that those students who are low in sociometric status, lack interpersonal skills needed for developing interpersonal relations which is one of the major factors that contribute to high performance of students in academic field. Interpersonal relationship is mostly concern with liking and being liked in return.
Liking is equally important to everyone thus should be reciprocated, this feeling of liking leads to increased association, and shaping the behavior of individuals in interaction and in most cases students who feel and receive some support from friendly peers use their intellectual potentials more completely than their mates who feel or are rejected by their peer groups.
Many works conducted by psychologists and counselors over time have confirmed this. since research findings have shown that attainment of maximum height in academic performance is related to healthy interpersonal relations within classroom groups, the teacher then needs to be prepared to promote healthy and desirable social relationships that would develop better socio metric status for well being and academic performance of the students.
Statement of the Problem
Interpersonal processes are central to teaching and learning and can either be facilitated or inhibited by the many relationships among the students, and between the student- teachers. In the classroom very often teachers experience group of students unmotivated, uninterested and under performing.
All this may be as a result of lack of friendship and social acceptance in the classroom, these friendships and acceptance are important and mean more to the students and has the tendency to influence classroom performance, as well as learning out comes.
A significant body of research has shown that acceptance by peers makes a student to be enthusiastic towards learning in classroom environment; while rejection makes a student to be cautious and as such will spend most of his/her time avoiding ridicule from peers.
These does not augur well for learning as a result it leads to increase in the frequency of withdrawn learners hence poor performance. School education is one of the most determinant factors in shaping lives and careers of students, thus it is necessary to understand that the classroom groups have a hidden world of attraction and repulsion among the peers which influences the academic performance of the individual students.
It is in the light of the above problem statement that this work is being proposed to be under taken to determine the influence of socio metric status on academic performance of secondary school students.
0bjectives of the Study
The study intends to
1. To determine the influence of socio metric status of secondary school students on their academic performance.
2. To find out if there is any influence of socio metric status on gender among secondary school students.
3. To identify the stars, rejectees, and the isolates in relation to their academic achievement.
Research Questions
The following are the research questions for the study.
1. Does socio metric status of secondary school students has any influence on their academic performance?
2. Does socio metric status has any influence on gender among secondary school students?
Are there any differences among the stars, rejectees and the isolates in their academic achievement?
Research Hypotheses
The following hypotheses have been formulated for the study:
1. There is no significant influence of socio metric status of secondary school students on their academic performance.
2. There is no significant influence of socio metric status on gender among secondary school students.
3. There are no significant differences among the stars, rejectees and the isolates in their academic achievement.
Basic Assumptions
It is assumed that socio metric status of secondary school students may have influence on their academic achievement.
It is assumed that socio metric status of secondary school students may have influence on gender.
It is assumed that there may be significant differences among the stars, rejectees and the isolates.
Significance of Study
A very few studies have been conducted in the field of socio metric status and it is influence on academic performance among secondary school students, the present study will contribute to existing knowledge and theory especially given the fact that academic performance is almost what schooling is all about.
Therefore it is hoped that the findings will be significant to the teachers, which will enable them with insight on appropriate teaching strategies to adopt for effective teaching and learning to take place, and to also understand the factors of acceptance and rejection behaviours of the students, in order to increase their social skills to develop favourable conditions for better socio metric status.
It can also for the teachers, be an increasingly useful tool for heightening social understanding through exploring group interaction in the classroom for instance, in the seating arrangements, group assignments, and debates and class presentation.
For the students, the knowledge of sociometry will enable them to give room for acceptance and support to and by peers, this can create a pleasant and an interesting atmosphere for learning.
It will enable the ministry of education Katsina state to take steps and design more inter school programmes like extracurricular activities that will appeal to the interest and strength of the secondary school students.
Scope and Delimitation of the Study.
The scope of the study will cover all ss1 students of government secondary schools in Katsina state, the study will be conducted to find out the influence of socio metric status on academic performance of secondary school students. Five senior secondary schools in Malumfashi local government area will be used as sample for the study.
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