Download complete project material on Impact Of Teamwork On Organizational Productivity In Selected Organizations In Nigeria from chapter one to five
ABSTRACT
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Team work has played a significant role in improving organizational productivity specifically when used in right way and in moderation. It is on this basis that this project tends to find out the “Impact of Team Work on Organizational Productivity”.
The primary source of information for this research work was through administering questionnaires to the organizations under study while the secondary source is through text books, articles, internet, etc. During this research, 112 questionnaires were administered. Data was analyzed and the following findings emerged:
That the adoption of teamwork is important to organizations as the involvement of employees in teamwork makes a major contribution to the improved quality and customer’s satisfaction of the organization. It was also recommended that the effectiveness of teamwork depends to a large extent on the team leader’s ability to influence team members.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title Page
Declaration
Approval
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Table of Content
List of Tables
Abstract
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Statement of the Problem
Objective of the Study
Research Questions
Significance of the Study
Scope/Delimitation of the Study
Limitations of the Study
Definition of Terms
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Introduction
2.1 Concept of Team and Teamwork
2.2. Types of Teams within an Organisation
2.3. Reason for the Adoption of Teamwork
2.4. Condition for Successful Teamwork
2.5. Teamwork and Organization Productivity
2.6. Relevance of Team work on Organisational Productivity
2.7. Characteristics of Teamwork on Organizational Productivity
2.8. Factors Enhancing Organisational Productivity
2.9. Factors Militating against Teamwork in an Organization
2.10. Strategies used to Motivate Teamwork for Enhanced Organizational
2.11. Summary of Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Introduction
3.1. Research Design
3.2. Area of Study
3.3. Population for the Study
3.4. Sample Size and sampling Technique
3.5. Instrument for Data Collection
3.6. Validation of Instrument
3.7. Administration and Collection of Instrument
3.8. Method Data Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
4.1. Data Analysis and Interpretation
4.2. Major Findings
4.3 Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1. Summary
5.2. Conclusion
5.3. Recommendation
References
Appendices
LIST OF TABLE
3.1 Population of the Study
3.2 Sample Size of the Study
4.1 How Relevant is teamwork to Organizational Productivity
4.2 What are the characteristic of teamwork on Organization Productivity
4.3 What are the factors that enhance Organizational Productivity
4.4 What are the factors that militate against teamwork in an Organizational Productivity
4.5 What are the strategies used to motivate teamwork for enhance Organizational Productivity
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Teamwork has emerged in recent years as one of the most important ways in which work is being reorganized (Osisionman 2009; Watersonet al. 2007). This idea of delegating responsibilities to work groups has been diffused under a range of different labels. Human resource management (HRM), modern socio-technical theory, business process re-engineering and lean production all embrace the core principles of Team-working.
(Benders and Van Hootegem 2009; De Sitter et al. 2007; Kleinschmidt and Pekruhl 2004; Kuipers and Van Amelsvoort 2000) and suggest an important link with organizational performance (Hammer and Champy 2003; Katzenbach and Smith 2003; Womack et al. 2001).
In this era of increased competition, leaders recognize the importance of teamwork more than ever before. Teams can expand the outputs of individuals through collaboration. Employees who are working in teams become the standard for the organization.(Alie, Beam & Carey, 2008).
It is the means of improving man-power utilization and potentially raising performance of individuals. With a support from upper level management, an employee works confidently in a team and increases productivity of the organization. Nowadays, in the new business world, managers are assigning more team projects to employees with opportunities to strengthen their knowledge and develop their skills
(Hartenian, 2003). Recent study shows that an employee working within the team can produce more output as compared to individuals (Jones, Richard, Paul, Sloane & Peter, 2007).
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Team work enhances organizational cohesion or integration consequently giving rise to synchronization of efforts among the employed resulting in higher productivity. Organizational culture, Job description, Job satisfaction, skills and qualifications of employees together with the organizational structure will help in the achieving of the targets of the organization.
Higgins(2009). A simple definition of teamwork is people working together toward a common goal. Currently many organizational disciplines have adopted teamwork as essential in achieving success and their mission statements routinely allude to the importance of teamwork, utilizing such words as cooperation, coordination, collaboration, and Communication as key components.
Although it is one thing for these organizations to write that they have these teamwork components in place, it is another to measure the components by a defined set of attributes and then use the results of this measurement to pursue what might, in reality, be missing in the teamwork model within each organization. Events of mass effect require teamwork among the diverse multidiscipline.
According to Robbins (2006), teamwork can be instilled into organizational culture with time and focused leadership. However, many organizations lack both of these elements. In organization where team work has been embraced Higgins (2009) asserts that higher integration among employees in institutional objectives results in better organizational health. Working in a team empowers people and helps them develop autonomy, which is a source of profound job satisfaction and reduces stress
(Hayes 2005).There are various ways that employees feel that they are satisfied with their jobs is through motivation factors like salary increment and recognition. In cases where there is no motivation and recognition of employees they fail to have strong team work and at the same fail to achieve their targets.
The tacit heritage of this research work however is poised by the desire to conduct a rigorous and robust impact analysis of teamwork on organizational productivity. This study seeks to understand the quintessence of teamwork, its characteristics cum strategies and likely impediments that militates against teamwork and how those impediments can be eliminated.
The researcher is interested in this topic in order to understand or know how much organizing employees into teams (Teamwork) has contributed to the improved productivity of Power Holding Company of Nigeria (PHCN) Plc, Kaduna Electricity Distribution Company, Zonal Office, National Board for Technical Education (NBTE) Kaduna, Coca Cola Bottling Company, Kaduna and The Nigerian Breweries Plc, Kaduna and how it will positively contribute to the organizations.
The population of workers in an organization may be very large and yet that organization will be achieving a very low productivity and with no improvement in their products. Could this occur as a result of absence of teamwork in such organizations. And if it is, then, there are other organizations that have teams and yet achieve little or no productivity at all.
It may be as a result of the following problems: Lack of Teamwork in the Organization: That is; the failure of an organization to coordinate works into work groups in order to tap from the respective human resources of the organization process. Poor Leadership Style in the Organization: It may be as a result of the leadership style of the organization possibly not favourable to teamwork. So also, Lack of Motivation of the Workforce:
The way in which organizations reward their workforce may also lead to low organizational productivity even when their staffwork in teams. Prevailing Conditions that Hinder Growth in an Organization: The conditions permanently occurring in an organization (lack of picking up of innovative ideas) like the absence of designing motivational programs, educational growth, bonuses, job rotation and the use of old technologies, etc, may be the cause of low organizational productivity.
Statement of the Problem
Every organization, either large or small, struggles to acquire productivity so as to achieve success and maintain a valuable image in this present world of organizational competitions. And it is the wish of organizations to see the input they use (resources) and the output (goods and services produced) they have at the end.
The population of workers in an organization may be very large and yet that organization will be achieving a very low productivity and with no improvement in their products. Could this occur as a result of absence of teamwork in such organizations. And if it is, then, there are other organizations that have teams and yet achieve little or no productivity at all. It may be as a result of the following problems: Lack of Teamwork in the Organization:
That is the failure of an organization to coordinate works into work groups in order to tap from the respective human resources of the organization process. So also, Lack of Motivation of the Workforce: The way in which organizations reward their workforce may also lead to low organizational productivity even when their staff work in teams.
Factors that militate against team work in an Organization: The conditions permanently occurring in an organization (lack of picking up of innovative ideas) like the absence of designing motivational programs, educational growth, bonuses, job rotation and the use of old technologies, etc, may be the cause of low organizational productivity.
Objectives of the Study
The general objective of this study is to investigate the contributions of teamwork on organizational productivity. The specific objectives of this study are as listed below;
1. To determine the relevance of teamwork on organisational productivity.
2. To ascertain the characteristic of teamwork in an organization
3. To ascertain the factors that enhance organisational productivity.
4. To investigate Factors that militate against teamwork in an organisation
5. To identify strategies used to motivate teamwork for enhanced organisational productivity.
Research Questions
For the purpose of this research, the following research questions were formulated to guide this study;
1. How relevant is team work on organizational productivity.
2. What are the characteristic of teamwork on organizational productivity?
3. What are the factors that enhance organisational productivity?
4. What are the factors that militate against teamwork in an organization?
5. What are the strategies used to motivate teamwork for enhanced organizational productivity.
Significance of the Study
Significance of the study provides information to the reader on how the study will contribute and who will benefit from the study so its importance cannot be over emphasized. At the end of this research work the researcher hopes that this work will be of immense benefit to the following categories of people; Organization, Employer and employee, managers and Future Researcher.
Organizations: Organizations can take the provided information in this study to use it for saving them from their competitive advantage and improving their productivity and the important role teamwork can play in helping organizations to achieve productivity.
Employers and Employees: They can use it to develop and establish firm ideas that will bring about further development in the way and manner employers and employees can achieve the needed goals and objectives.
Managers: Practicing managers can make adjustments in their roles and leadership styles towards the attainment of the organizational productivity by introducing teamwork in organizations.
Future Researchers: Those who will make or carry out a research in future will find it useful in meeting their goals.
Scope of the Study
This study will be limited to Power Holding Company of Nigeria Plc (PHCN Kaduna Electricity Distribution Company, Zonal Office), National Board for Technical Education Kaduna, Coca-Cola Bottling Company, Kaduna and the Nigerian Breweries Plc Kaduna.
The study will look at concept of teamwork, type of teamwork, reason for adopting of teamwork, conditions for successful teamwork, concept of organizational productivity and characteristic of teamwork in an organization, factors that enhance organizational productivity, factors that militate against teamwork, strategies used to motivateteamwork for enhance organizational productivity.
Limitations of the Study
These are some of the problems encountered by researcher in carrying out this research work. The study was combined with class work which tasked efforts of the researcher. Time was also not at the researcher’s side as he had to grapple with examination and the research work. All these made the researcher to limit the research work to its present form as there was no time to expatiate more on the study.
Definition of Terms
Team: A number of people organized to work cooperatively as a group.
Teamwork: A cooperative effect by a group of team
Productivity: the ability to be productive by either organizations or individuals.
Leadership: The ability to guide, direct or influence people.
Motivation: the cognitive or social forces that activate and direct behaviour.
Impact: The capacity to create a powerful effect.
Organization: is a unit of people that is structured and managed to meet the need or to pursue collective goals.
Workforce: The group of people who work for a particular organisation.
Strategies: A plan of action designed to achieve a long-term goals or overall aim.
Organizational Productivity : The effectiveness of productive output
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