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ABSTRACT
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Malnutrition in children is the consequence of a range of factors that are related to poor food quality, inadequate intake and infectious disease.
This research work was carried out to assessed cases of malnutrition among under five (0-5 years) children attending Nassarawa General Hospital, Kaduna.
Questionnaire were designed to assessed the feeding practices and the nutritional status of the children (under five) information on the anthropometric measurements, feeding pattern and dietary history were collected, calculated and compared with Recommended Dietary allowance of their age group.
The data analysid shows that 33.3% of the mother fed their babies with breast milk at least 10 times a day; and 50% introduced other foods to their children before he age of 6 month. 66.6% feed thrice a day while the remaining is shared between those whose intake is one and twice a day (6.67, 26.7 respectively).
When the intake was compared with RDA, it shows that the energy consumed by the children increased from the Recommended Dietary Allowance needed by a child per day. Protein and fat intake was less than Recommended Dietary Allowance needed by a child per day. 33.33% of the children has current cases of marasmus and kwashiorkor as the highest, followed by anemia and PEM each with 16.67 which clearly shows direct implication of the prolonged inadequacy of their meals which may affect their 1Q, memory capacity, health status and thereby negatively affecting the socio economic status of the country.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Malnutrition can be defined as the insufficient, excessive or imbalanced consumption of nutrient several nutrients are lacking or consumed in excess (matanal 2014).
Malnutrition is a broad term a which relates to both under or over nutrition, and is also referred to a number of diseases, each with a specific cause related to one or more nutrients, for example protein, iodine vitamin A or iron.
In the present context malnutrition is synonymous with protein energy malnutrition, which signifies an imbalance between the supply of protein, energy and body’s demand for the to ensure optimal growth and function (Sutton 2003). This imbalance include both former leading to malnutrition n the form of wasting, stunting, under weight, and the letter resulting in over weight and anemia (Sutton 2003).
Malnutrition in children is the consequence of a range of factors, that are often related to poor food quality, insufficient food intake, and severe repeated infection diseases or frequently some combination of the three. These conditions, in turn, are closely linked to the overall standard of living and we whether a population can meet it’s basic needs such as access to food, housing and health care.
Growth assessment thus not only serves as a means for evaluation the health and nutritional status of children but also provides an indirect measurement of the quality of life of an entire population (Badaloo 2006).
According to national health service (NAS), it is estimated that over tow million people are affected by malnutrition (subnutrition). The term sever malnutrition is often associated with micronutrient deficiency, protein energy malnutrition, stunting, and anemia.
Malnutrition is one of the biggest health problems that the world currently faces and is associated with more than 40% of the deaths that occur annually in children form 0-5years of age in developing countries which total approximately 2-3 million children annually (Badaloo 2006).
World heath organization (WHO 2001), reported that 54% of all childhood mortality was attributable, directly or indirectly to malnutrition. And sub-saharan Africa has a high prevalence of stunting, low weight for-age and acute malnutrition. This is the reason why this project is important to detect malnutrition cases in these children.
1.1 General Objective
Assessment of feeding practices and nutritional status of children (0-5 year).
Specific Objective
– To assess socio economic status of care givers
– To assess nutritional status of infant
– To determine food consumption pattern of infants
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