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Assessment of Substance Abuse Among Students of In Nigeria

Download complete project materials on Assessment Of Substance Abuse Among Students Of In Nigeria from chapter one to five with references and abstract.

ABSTRACT

Substance abuse, also known as drug abuse, is a patterned use of a substance (drug) in which the user consumes the substance in amounts or method which are harmful to themselves or the other. It has been deduced in the course of this study.

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Drug existence is all most as old as a man. Substance that affects behavior has been known long; even the Stone Age man might have been familiar with drug such as opium, hashish and cocaine.

The objective of this study was to access the substance abused among the students of College of Heath Sciences and Technology Ijero Ekiti.

Also to access the possible causes of substance abuse, level of awareness of substances abuse, attitude of students toward substance abuse, then to access possible effect or substance abuse among students of the College.          
The study was a cross sectional one, a multi stage sampling techniques was employed in selecting respondent for the study. A semi structured interviewer administered questionnaire was designed to obtain the demographic characteristic, awareness, knowledge and reason for involving in substance abuse and effect of substance abuse and effect of substance abuse on the respondent .The study was carried out on 220 students of the College.

Essentially, nearly all most all student have tried one substance or the other from finding, 220(100%) of the respondent had knowledge about substance abuse.      

The process of gathering information for this work is time consuming, head racking. A lot of effort was put into the collection of information, which leads to huge expenses.

In conclusion, the research work is to clear misconception, as well as to curb, control or reduce substance abuse among student. To achieve this government should involve in Drug information, and encourage voluntary organization should be ready to work in hand with drug enforcement agents to reduce the level of abuse in our society

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title

Title page                                                                                        

Certification                                                                                    

Dedication                                                                                       

Acknowledgement                                                                          

Table of content                                                                              

List of Tables

CHAPTER ONE

Introduction                                                                                    

1.1 Background of study                                                                

1.2 Statement of problem                                                               

1.3 Justification of the study                                                          

1.4 Objective of the study                                                               

1.4.1Main objective                                                                        

1.4.2 Specific objectives                                                                            

1.5 Scope of the study                                                                     

1.6 Significance of the study                                                          

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review                                                                     

2.1 Overview of substance abuse                                                   

2.2 Theories of substance abuse                                                     

2.3 Sources of substance commonly abused                                  

2.4 Causes of substance abuse among students                             

2.5 Signs and symptoms of substance abuse                                 

2.6 Types of substance commonly abused                                              

2.7 Level of substance abuse                                                          

2.8 Consequence of substance abuse                                                       

CHAPTER THREE

3.0 Methodology                                                                             

3.1 Description of study                                                                           

3.2 Advocacy, community penetration                                          

3.3 Study Population                                                                      

3,4 Inclusion criteria                                                                       

3.5 Exclusion criteria                                                                      

3.6 Study consent                                                                                     

3.7 Study design                                                                             

3.8 Sample size determination                                                                 

3.8.1 Calculations                                                                                     

3.9 Sampling technique                                                                            

3.10 Data Collection                                                                       

3.11 Data processing and analysis                                                 

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 Results                                                                                       

SECTION A: Socio-demographic characteristics of respondents 

SECTION B: Knowledge of substance abuse                               

SECTION C: Level of substance abuse                                         

SECTION D: Consequences of substance abuse                                    

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0 Discussion                                                                                  

CHAPTER SIX

6.0 Conclusion                                                                                

6.1 Recommendation                                                                      

References                                                                              

Appendix I                                                                            

Appendix II                                                                           

Appendix III      

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Since the early times, medicinal plants have been used in healing and preventing diseases. The chronic use of substance(s) can cause some irreversible physical and psychological development 1.

The use of substance could be beneficial or harmful depending on how it is been used. Substance(s) could bring about a change in the biological function of living organism through its chemical composition 4.

It can also modify perception, cognition, mood, behaviour, and general body function 9. They could thus be considered as chemical modifiers of the living tissues that could bring about psychological and behavioural changes 11.

The use and abuse of substance(s) by youths have become one of the most disturbing health related phenomena in society; several youths have become insane, irresponsible and liability to the society.

Substance(s) can be used for treatment or prevention of disease in man or animals; it also alters the body function, either positively or negatively, depending on the body composition of the user, type of substance(s) used, dose used, or combination with other substance(s) at the same time 3.

NAFDAC explains the term substance abuse as the excessive and persistent usage of a substance without regard to the medically or culturally accepted patterns. It could also be viewed as the use of substance(s) to the extent that it interferes with the health and social function of an individual 8.

In essence, substance abuse may be defined as the arbitrary over dependence or misuse of substance(s) with or without prior medical diagnosis from qualified health practitioners. Substance abuse can plainly be seen as the recurrent use of illegal substance(s) or misuse of the legal ones.

Substance abusers who exhibit symptoms of stress, anxiety, depression, behavioural changes, fatigue, and loss of appetite should be treated by medical experts and counsellors.

Since the beginning of history, humans have searched for substances that would sustain and protect them and also act on the nervous system to produce pleasurable sensations 10. Drugs are believed to provide pleasure because they give inner peace and satisfaction, relax the muscles and heighten sensation 2.

Students in Nigeria experiment with drugs without knowing which drug to take, when to take it and how to take it7, and presently, risky alcohol use among students has become a serious public health issue in Nigeria 6.

The campus environment is free and young people often use substance to reassure themselves that they are able to express their freedom, some for the first time in their lives, which is a part of normal adolescent processes and perception of drugs as socially acceptable are all denominators of alcohol expectancy.

Many adolescents use alcohol experimentally, sometimes frequently and sometimes consuming multiple drinks per occasion, without engaging in other problem behaviourโ€™s or experiencing immediate negative consequences 3.

It is a popular belief and equally a strong conviction among higher education students that the campus is a place of freedom and the perceived freedom ranges from academic to social, relationship, religious, and speech.

The use of substance is most prominent in tertiary institutions where we have academic freedom and students do things at their own free will. Youths who are exposed to or who observe adults who drink and smoke may want to experiment to see how it feels 10.

If intervention is not quickly provided, this may signal the beginning of drug use and subsequently substance abuse and dependence.

A major factor in the use of substance by adolescents is concerned with sensation seeking and risk-taking tendencies and these tendencies are part of the normal developmental process for young people 10.

Youths or college students are in the stage of their lives where they experiment and look for new experiences, they want to try things out for themselves rather than relying on information provided by others.

This sets them up to be vulnerable to the temptation to experiment with drugs/substance especially psychoactive ones. Many college students use legal drugs such as caffeine, nicotine or alcohol without much thought because their use is socially acceptable.

The use of tobacco, alcohol, stimulants and other substances is a worldwide phenomenon. Youths get โ€œhighโ€ from abusing substances such as inhalants, alcohol and cannabis among others3.

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