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CHAPTER ONE
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INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to study
The story of the modern personal computer begins in the late 1970s when several companies produced computers for home and business use. Most computers, early on, went to individuals with the knowledge and patience to fix problems. But almost as soon as computers began to be mass produced for regular consumers, the need for experts to repair broken parts and to diagnose software glitches became apparent. Computer repair businesses began to spring up to fill the need and they remain a vibrant part of the economy.
Operating a computer repair business requires specialized knowledge and training. These can be gained through university or technical college training, from apprentice training with other professionals, through specialized online classes, from manuals, or a combination of any of these. The training must be kept current as computers and their software evolve constantly.
- How a Computer Works
A computer is a fabulous instrument that turns human inputs into electronic information that it then can store or share/distribute through various output devices. A computer performs (if instructed to do so) the steps shown in the diagram below, using information that a user provides (such as a typed sentence):
| Further Processing If instructed to do so, the information is edited or enhanced with input from the user |
| Input Via keyboard, mouse or microphone |
| Processing The information is digitized, becoming a simple code that the computer can store |
| Storage The information is stored as a part of the computer’s memory |
| Output Information is shared via monitor, printer, speakers or projector |
Amazingly, the information that the user inputs into a computer is processed so that it becomes a simple code made up of only two digits: zero and one! For all its complexity, a computer is only able to handle these two choices. This is because it is based on electrical signals that have only two options (such as either on or off).
But computers compensate for this very simple code by using it in huge quantities. A single unit of this zero/one code is called a bit. Grouping 8 bits together makes a unit of information called a byte. Typing a single page of typed text on a computer requires a minimum of about 20 kilobytes (20 KB or 20,000 bytes) of information to be stored. Good quality digital photographs are usually 1 megabyte (1 MB or 1,000,000 bytes) or larger. So a computer is a very “busy” machine indeed!
Statement of problem
Think of a computer as being like a human body. We are advised to perform certain tasks to keep our body in good shape. These maintenance tasks such as eating well, avoiding some harmful activities and getting exercise keep our body in good condition. If we don’t maintain our bodies, we might end up in the hospital with problems that result from the abuse such as high blood pressure from eating too much salt, obesity from not exercising or lung problems from smoking.
Similarly, if we allow our computers to intake harmful materials (such as dust) and programs (such as viruses) and we don’t keep our software in good condition (updated) then the computer may also end up with significant problems that are then harder to deal with. Proper maintenance of a computer, on the other hand, can keep it running smoothly for years and years.
1.4 Aim and Objectives
The objectives of this project are as follows:
To troubleshoot and detect different computer system associated problems.
To resolve troubleshoot problems and recommend a preventive maintenance against future occurrence of such problem.
1.5 Methodology
Relevant literature was reviewed to contextualize the problem at the global and national levels and also to clarify theoretical repairs and maintenance of computer system. Information obtained from literature was also used to establish performance and evaluation criteria: technical, economic and environmental. Price survey of local computer component retail4 outlets together with on
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