Problems And Prospect Of Printing Presses In Nigeria is a complete project material from chapter one to five with references and abstract
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ABSTRACTS
This research study is on the topic Printing Press in Nigeria, Problem and Prospect, a case study of University of Maiduguri Printing Press. The study revealed the evolution of printing press in Nigeria, a brief history of University of Maiduguri printing press and the services it renders to its community was highlighted.
The study also revealed the general problems that hinder the development of printing press under study five objectives and five questions guided the conduct of the study.
Recommendations were provided in order to enhance the services of the printing press. It was discovered the printing press is of paramount importance to the various communities in Borno state and therefore need urgent attention from the university administration.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table of Contents
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Background of the study
1.1.1 Advantages of Printing over Traditional
1.1.2 The Evolution of Printing in Nigeria 1.1.3 Brief History of the University of Maiduguri Printing Press
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Objective of the Study
1.4 Research Question
1.5 The Significance of the Study
1.6 Scope and Limitation
1.7 Operation Definition
Reference
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Introduction
2.1Factors that contributed to the establishment of the University of Maiduguri Printing Press
2.2 Factors or method that contributed to the growth or otherwise of University of Maiduguri pitting press
2.3 Types of Printing Services Provided by the University of Maiduguri Printing Press
2.4 Problems Faced by the Printing Press
References
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Introduction
3.1 Research Design
3.2 Population and Sample
3.3 Research Instruments
3.3.1 Interview
3.3.2 Questionnaire
3.3.3 Observation
3.4 Procedure of Data Collection
3.5 Method of Data Analysis
References
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Data Presentation and Analysis
4.1 Analysis of Data
4.2 Finding of the Study
4.3 Discussion
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendation
Bibliography
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
This chapter basically provide a general views of what the research work entails what is to be investigated and to analyse the problems and prospects of the University of Maiduguri Printing Press. Encyclopedia Americana (2007) defines printing as “The art and technology of reproducing words and pictures on papers cloth or other surfaces”.
Although, there is considerable variation n printing methods, printing typically involves a printing press that transfers an image from a printing plate or similar images scanning surface to the materials being printed.
1.1 Background of the Study
Books before and after the Gutenberg Bible.
In a similar vein, Clem J. and Link P. (2006) explain that, the printed product created by the digital press required less setup for production than traditional printing method. For appropriately 4,500 years before Gutenberg invented the printing press books were produced by hand.
They were written on surfaces of clay tablets, Papyrus, wax, and parchment. Lawbook, works of philosophy and science, great comedies and tragedies were all pains takingly copied and all too often lost through war and neglect. The invention of the movable types and the printing of the Gutenberg Bible, however, completely revolutionalized the accessibility of knowledge in the western world.
The spread of Gutenberg new technology was rapid, leading to an increase in the availability of books, the standardization of grammar and spelling in languages other than Latin, and sharing of arts and technology.
Afolabi, (2008) in his analysis of the effect of technology on the printing media industry in Nigeria noted that, technological changes in the industry have been spurred by printing buyers demand for high quality colour reproduction, before and contemporary with the Gutembergs Bible, and comparing them to printed sources from 50-100 years later, students were beginning to learn about the historical and cultural context of the technology of writing and importance of John Gutembergs invention.
Subtractive manufacturing is the process of beginning with more materials than is needed and selectively removing what is not required until the final shape emerges this process is easily explained by using marble sculptures of the famous artise, Michelengelo (1976) as an example when asked by the Pope how he made his statue of David so beautifully life like, he replied “I simply remove everything that doesn’t look like David”.
This is the basic principles of substantive manufacturing, on the other hand, is the process of producing objects by adding only what is needed, along with any support materials required.
The most common way to do this is by placing very thin layers of materials on top of one another to stock up and form the final objects like layers of a cake. This process dramatically reduces the time, cost and waste produced from its subtractive competitor, and allows much more efficient production process.
Printing: Funk and Wagals standards dictionary (1968) examine printing as the act of processing or the business of producing books, newspapers or periodicals by impression from words or other matter in printed form. It is concerned with making impression, mark through the use of types.
1.1.1 Advantages of Printing over Traditional
R, AND, D, Prototyping and Testing
Digital printing, NAPLP. 9 and Talcott, J. (2004) stated that, this is one of the biggest and most immediate advantages of using additive contraction techniques is the ability to create a limited number of test designs and models.
To previously create these promise versions of products would have been a time consuming and costly process. This also greatly reduces the time spent developing new products, not to mention the amount people needed to fabricate a new concepts into a working prototypes.
Reduction in Production Waste
By the nature of how it works (using only what is needed), additive manufacturing greatly reduces the waste incurred by traditional tooling methods. When les waste materials is produced, not only are less raw materials used but the need to remove, transport and discard waste by products, is reduced to a bare minimum, as tool is the carbon foot print.
Spare Parts and Repairs
With any physical products there will be a need to have a stock file of spare parts to allow consumers and professionals to repair their products in the event they break or are damaged. The cost of producing storing and distributing these spare parts can be enormous, but with home manufacturing, spare parts could be down loaded and made at home the cost is reduced greatly by efficiently supporting spare, as only the parts needed would ever be made.
Final Fabrication and Distribution
For now, short run and individual products can be fabricated without the need of building a new assembly line or tooling machines which greatly reducing the cost of these smaller scale productions.
A Change of Business Model
Kiphhen, H. (2001) says that, the traditional printing companies have to release their products lines and continually ask themselves pertinent questions. What new computer based product will sell in todays market? How much should be invested? Who are the audience and how can they be reached?
The answers to these questions will determine the winners and losers in the new information environment specifically Nigeria printers must start to view and position themselves as print communication providers rather than print commodity manufacturers.
In other words, Nigeria printer must continuously redefine their business in order to prosper in the future. In very practical terms, it means print media operators must be more innovative and take a broader view of their business.
1.1.2 The Evolution of Printing in Nigeria
Daramola, Ifedayo, (2006) stated that, from the 19th century marked the beginning of the evolution of printing in Nigeria. Precisely in 1846, two missionaries Hope Waddel, with the help of his assistant SamuleElgerly, (1867) established the first printing press at Calabara, South Eastern Nigeria. The Hope Waddel Press, as the press was later named, was used for the mass production of religious tracks and booklets.
The missionaries Rev. Herry Townsend, (1854) raise the bar when he established another press in the western part of the country in 1855. He also started a school of printing where he trained pupils at Abeokuta. Five years newspapers in Nigeria unfortunately, the mission printing press established by Townsend Folded up in 1867 due to the cultural and political crisis that erupted between the Egba people and the European setters.
Aside from the missionaries and the newspaper publishers another vital influence on the fledging printing industry in Nigeria at the early period was the colonial government. The first government printing House was established at broad street, Lagos in 1914.
It provided stationary materials to the government; during the colonial era four government press offices were established at Enugu, Ibadan, Cameroon and Lagos. It had initial staff strength of less than two hundred. However, by 1933, the production capacity of the press had improved tremendously – production later includes trade journals, letter of credence, whitepaper, rules and regulations, treasury books and forms etc.
The later, 1980 and the early 1990s featured the era of computers with various types of hi-tech printing equipment emerging on the printing industry landscape, available records indicate that task systems in 1987, pioneered desktop publishing and computer graphics in Nigeria, with apply computers 9 todays the printing industry is lingely driven by computer technology, resulting in better print quality, faster production and higher profit for print investors.
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