This is a complete project material on Impact of Planning and Control as a Management Function on the Survival of Small Scale Business from chapter one to five with references and abstract
CHAPTER ONE
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1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
This project is all about assessing the impact of planning and controlling as a management function on the survival of small scale business.
Management is universal in the modern world. Every organization requires the making of decision, the coordination of activities, deciding in advance when, why how and who does what, setting of standards, measuring performance against standard and reviewing the standards.
Numerous managerial activities have their own particular approach to specific types of problems which fall under headings such as production and operation management human resources management, management of health delivery system and others
According to Nwachukwu (2007) management is the act of getting things done through and with others. Another definition by Launer (1999) he refers to management as the corner stone of organization effectiveness and is concerned with arrangements for the carrying out of organizational processes and the execution of work.
Kountz (2006) management is an operational process initially best dissected by analyzing the management functions. The five essential managerial functions are planning, organizing, staffing, directing, leading and controlling.
These tasks of management are interrelated and actually dove tail into each other. Planning sets the stage by helping the organization to determine where it wants to go (objectives) and how to get there (strategies and tactics). These objectives and strategies determine the type of organizational structure most suitable for the organization.
Organization structures are designed to fit the strategies which are meant to achieve the objective and both strategies and objectives are the outcome of planning.
There is no human endeavour that does not require proper management for it to function efficiently. For every type of organization either government establishment or private enterprise, there is need for qualified managers to handle its activities.
Management and organizations are seen as the product of their historical and social times and place and to understand the evolution of management theory in terms of how people wrestled with matters of relationship at a particular time in history. The lesson here is to learn from the trials and tribulation of those who have preceded us in steering the fortunes of formed organization.
It is now obvious to every one that, of the factors that are necessary for economic take off, none is to be stressed more often than management characteristically, the developing countries are known for their low technological progress and extremely low labour productivity.
A realistic approach to the development of these countries call for qualified high level manpower especially at the management level. In present day organizations it is the manager that determines the appropriate technology required and the best way to efficiently and effectively utilize all types of resources, be it physical or human.
The Nigeria scene portrays the situation very adequately. Despite her abundant natural resources and rich environment, the economy of Nigeria has not quite taken off most organization do not operate smoothly and efficiently.
The management cadre which is a sine qua non for economic development is lacking. The government in many instances has assumed the function of entrepreneur and taken over the management functions, instances abound to convince everyone that the government has not faired well as a good manager, and has even performed worse than private entrepreneurs.
The need for management is essential to the development of organizations, be it small scale or large scale industries, therefore, when ever people work together, there is generally a need for the coordination of efforts in order to attain expected result in reasonable time, and with minimum amount of money, discomfort or energy. A manager is expected to be vast in knowledge and to possess special talents or abilities quite different from non manages.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM.
No organization matter its size can survive without on effective managerial function (planning and control). Therefore, three is need for sound and qualified man and women to operate in every organization and also there should be capable hands to manage the financial affairs in order to ensure a sound system of operation in the enterprise.
It is important to note that, effective operation is not exclusive concern of only one person or department within an organization, it must involve every staff who should have the interest of the organization at heart in order for it to achieve it set goal and objectives.
- Does effective management enhance workers performance?
- Does the organization has capable hands to manage the financial affairs?
- Does the activities of managers focuses towards the attainment of goods and objective of the organization.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
This project intends to assess the impact of planning and control as a management function in the survival of small scale industrial towards the achievement of the overall goals and objectives of the organization.
Specifically this project has the following objective:
- To find out the present management practice of planning and control and its effects on the organization
- To examine some strategies for the attainment of goals and objectives set out by the organization.
- To find out the role of management in ensuring the smooth running of the organization.
- To ensure that organization at any given time is capable of carrying out its activities that could aid in achieving its goals.
1.4 STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS
A hypothesis is a conjectural proposition and informed intelligent guess about the solution to a problem. It is an assumption or proposition whose variety and validity is to be established.
The researcher wishes to states his hypothesis as follows:
Ho: Effective management function of planning and control has no significance impact on the survival of small scale business.
H1: Effective management function of planning and control has significance impact on the survival of small scale business.
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