This is a complete downloadable project materials on Bacteriological Assessment Of Automated Teller Machine (ATM) Used In Selected Banks from chapter one to five with references
Abstract
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An automated teller machine or automatic teller machine (ATM) is a computerized telecommunication device that enables the clients of a financial institution to perform financial transaction without the need for a cashier human clerk or bank teller the result was obtained using standard procedure the mean total aerobic count (Cfu) are first bank (1.4 x 104), guarantee trust bank 1.9 x 104, Eco bank 2.7 x 104, fidelity 2.5 x 103, UBA 6.3 x 103 responsively. Proper cleaning regimen to sanitize these facilities regularly and public education on their hygienic usage are recommended to reduce the associated risks.
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
An automated teller machine or automatic teller machine (ATM) is a computerized telecommunication device that enables the clients of a financial institution to perform financial transaction without the need for a cashier, human clerk or bank teller.
Automated teller machine (ATM) automated banking machine cash dispenser and various regional van ants delved from trader marks on ATM system held by particular banks (Rasiah, 2010). A typical usage of the ATM machine involve slotting a card into a recipient hole and the following on screen instructions by punching the keys of the metallic key pads to enter secret code and commands, thus instructing the machine as to kind of service one requires.
The ATM machine is likely to be contaminated with various micro-organisms due to their vast dermal contact by multiple users (Shama and Anand, 2002).
Human being have a marked tendency to pick up microorganisms from object in the environment. The hand has been shown to play a role in the transmission of organisms colonization of objects by pathogenic organisms has been reported as a potential vehicle for their transmission (Nelly and Maley, 2000).
Furthermore, microorganisms found to contaminate fomites have also been shown to persist on environmental surface to varying period of time ranging from hours of microorganisms between environmental surface and a host has equally been established (Handy et al, 2006) . Pathogens spread among people with direct or indirect contact on hand or on in animate objects in the heath care settings.
Certain infection control measures have been established to reduce microbial transmission in these ways (Mathai et al.,2010). Current, such measurements have been adopted from communicating because of large outbreaks that emerged in the recent years. In a meta analyses, is an important strategy that may significantly reduce the spread of respiratory tract pathogens in the public after vaccination and education practices.Banks ATMs are the essential requirements of our social life.
They are frequently localized in city centers, trade areas and around the hospitals. Hundreds of people whose socio-economic levels and hygiene status are quite different with each other use ATMs daily. Customers contact with their hand the surface of keypad and / or use screen of these device.
However, there is limited data about their status for microbial colonization. Therefore investigation of the bacteria load of this device may be valuable to increase our awareness about possible transmission ways of the public.
Microorganisms are ubiquitous and a mixture of microorganisms is often transferred to every day object from the environment and infected individuals. Pathogenic microorganisms are transmissible via air, skin, food, water and interpersonal constants and in some cases that causes disease and infections.
Transmission of these infectious agents typically involves there escape from one host to another host (Mercola, 2000).
These organisms can also be transmitted through the sharing of instrument and material as formittes including ATMs. Due to the vast supply of knowledge about health and information gotten from ATMs, it has been patronized by a large number of individuals which makes the ATMs machines a potential hot spot for harboring transmissible pathogenic microorganisms considering how often fingers come into contact with the machine.
The automated teller machines being the most exposed and it frequently used device is known to be the most potential source of cross contamination (Lajunenet et al, 2007).
1.1 Justification
The use of automated teller machines (ATMs) for accessing personal financial accounts to enable financial transactions has become ubiquitous due to the availability of graphic user interface system. The dramatically increase in the use of hardware interface such as ATM has equally served as an avenue from harboring microorganisms acquired from the human micro floral or as transient organisms from the environment and pathogens can be transferred between user who shear the hardware interface (i.e ATM).
The contamination of banks ATMs by micro organisms has been established. This present study was design to assess the bacteria present on the touched metallic key pads of ATMs within Kaduna metropolis and also to ascertain the possibility of cross-contaminating of fingers during the use of the ATMs in the morning and afternoon with this bacterial those which are likely to be pathogenic.
1.2 Aim
To determine the bacteriological floral of Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) in some selected banks within Kaduna metropolis.
1.3 Objectives
To determine the total aerobic bacteria count from the ATM machines
To characterize the isolated bacteria morphologically and biochemically.
To determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolated bacteria
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