Accessing The Millennium Development Goals (Mdgs) Progress Made So Far Towards Eradicating Poverty

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ABSTRACT

The millennium development goals have been the most successful global anti-poverty push in history. This report examines the latest progress made towards achieving the MDG’s. It indicate that the MDG’s have made profound different in people lives. Ninety percent of children in developing regions now enjoy primary education, and disparities between boys and girls in enrolment have narrowed. Remarkable gains have also been made in the fight against malaria and tuberculosis, the likelihood of a child dying before age of five has been nearly cut in half over last two decades. It also met the target of having the population of people who lack access of improved sources of water.   

Table of content

Title page 

Approval page 

Dedication 

Declaration   

Acknowledgement

Abstract     

Table of Content     

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION                                                                      

1.2    Statement of the Problem                                                    

1.3    Objective of the Study                                                         

1.4    Scope and limitation of the Study                                        

1.5    Significance of the Study                                                     

1.6    Definition of key Terms                                                       

CHAPTER TWO

INTRODUCTION

2.1    Historical Background of the Study

2.2    What is Poverty

2.3    Indices of Poverty

2.4    The Poverty and Economic trend in Nigeria

2.5    Why Poverty

CHAPTER THREE

3.0    Summary, Conclusion, Recommendation and Bibliography

3.1    Summary

3.2    Conclusion

3.3    Recommendations

Bibliography                       

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

The dread of Poverty is a plague that has generated much discourse in recent times. The scourge of poverty is a monster to individuals, groups, and societies where it is glaring and unchecked. The relative nature of poverty makes it evident in all societies. However, it is more endemic in the developing countries in comparison with the situation in the advanced developed countries. Otive (2009) posit that the challenge of extreme poverty and hunger is probably the greatest development challenge of our time. Poverty is a wall which keeps those who are immerse in it in a state of destitution and peril.

The multi-dimensional nature of poverty makes it complex to define. To define, explain or even appraise poverty is to be subjective. Nurudeen (2000) argues that poverty has generated a heated debate across the globe in the past few years. Poverty has no precise definition both in theory and policy that the exact description of poverty is difficult. More often it is defined from the perspective of the individual exploring the subject. Some Scholars, especially economists, perceive poverty. From the point of want and need. Psychologists may view poverty from the point of deprivation, esteem and ego. Nevertheless, poverty is undesirable. It is an economic and social malaise, which must be addressed.

The incidence, manifestation and painful effects of poverty are blatant, deep and widespread in the Sub-saharan African region and very severe in Nigeria. This can easily be observed from the quality of life lived by the people that is, the majority of the people living in Nigeria and the larger sub-saharan African region. By 1999, according to Elumilade et al (2006), “World Bank’s report indicate that Nigeria’s Human Development Index (NHDI) was only 0.416 and that about 70 percent of the population was vegetating below the poverty line. The millennium development goals (MDGs) report for 2009 shows the sub-saharan African region far behind in halving poverty and hunger.

The sign of poverty is shown by luck of basic needs like adequate and quality food, qualitative health care, conducive shelter, employment, and sound-functional education by the end of the last millennium, it became obvious to world leaders that something serious had to be done to deal with the evil of poverty among other grave problems facing humanity especially people of the third world.

Otive (2009) postulates that the challenge of extreme poverty and hunger in the midst of increasing global wealth and technological advancement is a paradox. It is in the light of these and other development challenges, that the millennium development goals (MDGs) were adopted.

Realizing the problem of poverty and other social malaise, the United Nations (UN) through its organ, the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) developed and came up with eight goals aimed towards inducing development and solving the major problems facing humanity. The eight goals are:

1. to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger,
2. to achieve universal primary education,

iii.    to promote gender equality and empower women,

1. to reduce child mortality,
2. to improve maternal health,
3. to combat HIV/AIDs, malaria and other diseases,

vii.   to ensure environmental sustainability, and

viii. to develop a global partnership for development. In the month of September 2000, 189 members of the UN adopted the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).

According to Yaqub (2009), it is a good thing that at the turn of the century and critically, too, at the beginning of the new millennium, the conscience of the world was pricked and its attention was directed to the excruciating conditions of those whom the train of development and modernization had left behind.

In this research rather than examine the whole MDGs the work only study’s and appraise the first goal which is the eradication of extreme poverty and hunger this is so, because poverty and hunger remain the greatest challenge to the development f humanity in the present era. And the eradication of extreme poverty and hunger will go a long way in extricating the other malignant aimed to be solved by the millennium development goals (MDGs).

It is an irony that poverty and hunger in their extreme from could be found; deep, severe and ubiquitously in all parts of Nigeria. This is given Nigeria’s endowment of human, material and natural resources.

Nigeria is blessed with several natural resources little gold, silver, uranium, fertile land etc in abundance.

Soludo (2006) argued: With a population estimated at about 140 million, Nigeria is the largest country in Africa and one-sixth of the black population in the world. There are also abundant solid mineral deposit that remained largely untapped. Currently, barely 40% of its arable land is under cultivation.

With over 100 tertiary institutions producing more than 200,000 graduates per annum. Startling as it maybe, about two-thirds of Nigerian people are poor, yet Nigeria is a country with vast potential wealth. Although revenues from crdue oil have been increasing over the past decades, our people have been falling deeper into poverty.

Hence, it is baffling and disturbing, that with all the resources, Nigeria has, extreme poverty still remains widespread.

            1.2   STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The threat of poverty and hunger to socio-economic and political life cannot be over-emphasized. Hence the attainment of he millennium development goals (MDGs) as a panacea to societal ills especially in the developing countries and Nigeria n particular, needs to be studied, analyzed and examined, in order to unveil its attainability. For it captures the major problems faced by the huge money invested so far coupled with huge human and material resources sunk till date, poverty and hunger in Nigeria remains very high and widespread.

The study is therefore concerned with the examination of the programmers put in place by the government to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger with particular reference to Bida local government area of Niger state the study unveils the following.

1. The nature of the poverty alleviation programmes since the adoption of the MDGs in Bida local government area.
2. The performance of the poverty alleviation programmes in Bida Local government Area.

iii. The factors responsible for the failure of the poverty alleviation programmes since the NDGs were adopted in Bida Local Government Area. Hence, the failure.

1. The possible solutions to the problem of poverty in Nigeria.

           1.3   OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY 

The following are the objectives of the research:

to unveil the true nature of poverty eradication programme in Nigeria, since the adoption the adoption of the millennium development goals (MDGs),

1. to find out the impact of poverty eradication program on the   lives of the people, and

iii. to find out, despite government claim to the contrary, why poverty still seem blatantly widespread.

           1.4   SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

In general terms, the study look at poverty alleviation strategies and its impact on the lives of the people since Nigeria adopted the Millennium Development Goals (GDGs).

It is obvious from the study that any research that attempt to examine poverty in the lives of people is bound to encounter bias from respondent and the reason is, poverty is seen as a stigma among the people and therefore people are not comfortable talking about it with strangers unless through a familiar person. Hence, the research encountered the problem of having had to contact people accessible to the researcher and bias from respondents in charge of policy making.

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