Download complete project materials on Causes Of Sexual Harassment Among Female Students In Nigeria Higher Institutions from chapter one to five
ABSTRACT
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The study was conducted to determine the causes of sexual harassment among female students in College of Business and Management Studies of Kaduna Polytechnic. The objectives of the study include to; determine the several forms of sexual harassment among female office professionals, causes of sexual harassment among female students, causes of sexual harassment among female students, effect of sexual harassment among female students and how sexual harassment can be curbed among female students.Â
The theoretical basis for the study was done through the review of related literature from textbooks, journals, periodic, conference papers and internet. The population of the study was 2886 and 285 was sampled out comprising of the students and lecturers of the Unit under study. A set of questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection. 285 questionnaires were administered and 271 were retrieved which was used for the analysis.
Data were analyzed using mean statistical tool of the Four Point Likert Scale. Based on the findings of the study, the study concludes that socio economic status of the female students and love of money, indecent dressing by female students, access to social media as both male and female are exposed to pornographic are some of the causes of sexual harassment while its effects is that it leads to low academic performance, female students loose interest in studying due to the fact that no matter what they read, they are still harassed.
The study recommends among others that media should enlighten the entire public on the causes and effect of sexual harassment on female students and how it can be curbed.
TITLE PAGE. i
DECLARATION.. ii
APPROVAL PAGE. iii
DEDICATION.. iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. v
TABLE OF CONTENTS. vi
LIST OF TABLES. ix
ABSTRACT. x
CHAPTER ONE. 1
INTRODUCTION.. 1
1.1Â Â Â Â Â Background of the Study. 1
1.2Â Â Â Â Â Statement of the Problems. 4
1.3Â Â Â Â Â Purpose of the Study. 4
1.4Â Â Â Â Â Research Questions. 5
1.5Â Â Â Â Â Significance of the Study. 5
1.6Â Â Â Â Â Scope of the Study. 6
1.7Â Â Â Â Â Limitations of the Study. 6
1.8Â Â Â Â Â Definition of Terms. 6
CHAPTER TWO.. 8
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE. 8
2.1Â Â Â Â Â Conceptual Definitions. 8
2.2Â Â Â Â Â Forms of Sexual Harassment 11
2.3Â Â Â Â Â Causes of Sexual Harassment 17
2.4Â Â Â Â Â Effect of Sexual Harassment 18
2.5Â Â Â Â Â How to Curb Sexual Harassment 23
2.6Â Â Â Â Â Summary of the Review.. 25
CHAPTER THREE. 27
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.. 27
3.1     Research  Design. 27
3.2Â Â Â Â Â Area of the Study. 28
3.3Â Â Â Â Â Population of study. 28
3.4Â Â Â Â Â Sample Size and Sample Technique. 29
3.5Â Â Â Â Â Instruments for Data Collection. 30
3.6Â Â Â Â Â Validity of Instrument 30
3.7Â Â Â Â Â Administration and Collection of the Instrument 30
3.8Â Â Â Â Â Method of Data Analysis. 31
CHAPTER FOUR.. 32
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION.. 32
4.1Â Â Â Â Â Data Analysis and Interpretation. 32
4.2Â Â Â Â Â Major Findings. 38
4.3Â Â Â Â Â Summary of Findings. 40
CHAPTER FIVE. 43
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS. 43
5.1 Summary. 43
5.2 Conclusions. 44
5.3 Recommendations. 45
5.4 Areas for Further Research. 46
REFERENCES. 47
APPENDIX A.. 50
APPENDIX.. 51
Sexual harassment is a serious problem for all student at all educational levels. Students in elementary and secondary schools as well as vocational schools, apprenticeship programmes, colleges, polytechnics and universities can be victims of sexual harassment. This problem is more common than you might think because many students are scared or too embarrassed to report sexual harassment (Folusho and Asebiomo, 2012).
According to the International Labour Organization ILO (2012a), harassment is any conduct towards someone depending on their age, disability, HIV status, domestic circumstances, sex, sexual orientation, gender reassignment, racial background, language, colour, religion, trade union affiliation or other opinion or belief, national or social origin, connection to a minority, property, birth or other status which is unreciprocated or undesirable and which influences the dignity of males and females at job.
Di Martino and Musri, (2001) add to the concept of harassment that it is an unwanted conduct which could be verbal, non verbal, visual, psychological or physical.
The undesirable sexual attention of men is a common behavior around the world especially in employment and different stages of education especially for women and girls. The experience of sexual harassment phenomena is worldwide transcending among all different levels of socioeconomic status and educational level and cutting across most national and cultural characteristics.
It is one of the most endemic types of violence toward women and girls today (Amani,Hanan andSamia2017). In spite of wide spread prohibition around the world, undesirable sexual attention is an unavoidable condition of work and education for important number of women and girls.
The forms of behaviors that constitute it and the type and severity of harm that result from it vary by region, occupation, and discipline (Morgan and Gruber, 2011).
Sexual harassment is undesirable sexual advances, needs for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical behavior of sexual nature (Hassan et al., 2008). It is any unwanted sexual offensive or aggressive behavior that is carried out through any sexual physical or verbal act. Also, it is considered as a damage of the recipient’s dignity, as it creates an intimidating, hostile, humiliating, offensive environment for the recipient (Mohammed and Hashish, 2014).
The phenomenon of sexual harassment has been a main concern in the entire world. In the US and the European countries the percentage of sexual harassment cases was forty to sixty percent among women. Recently, sexual harassment has quickly increased in the Middle East’s societies; particularly, the Egyptian society Generally (SHP) is viewed as encompassing all kinds of disagreeable behavior of a sexual nature, whether verbal and/or physical.
The types of (SH) have been comprehensively specified in the code of practice as verbal, unpleasant or suggestive comments, non-verbal or gestural as leering or ogling with suggestive overtones, visual as showing pornographic materials, Psychological as unwanted social invitations and Physical harassment as unacceptable touching (Nazari et al., 2007).
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