Download complete project materials on Qualitative Phytochemical Analysis On Bliglia Sapida Fruit
ABSTRACT
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Blighia sapida is a medicinal plant also known as ackee apple. It is a member of sapindaceae family. Blighia sapida is known to contain some natural constituents. The plant is known for curing many ailments such as pains by applying the pulversied leaves to the affected parts, for ulcer etc. the fruit contains different phytochemicals such as sponin, tannin, flavonoids, protein etc. FTIR was used to defect the different functional group present in the fruit and aril of Blighia sapida.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Medicinal plant are known to contain substance which could be used for treatment purpose or used to produce drugs. Many of such plant are known to be used primitively to alleviate symptoms of illnesses have been screened to have medicinal importance. Plant like the Blighia Sapida (Ackee) leaves have been used in the treatment of various ailment traditionally.
Medicinal plants plays a vital roles in the health of the individuals and the communities. The medicinal value of some plants lies in some chemical substances that produces definite physiological actions in the human body. Some examples of these most important bioactive (chemically active) constituents are alkaloids, tannis, flavonoids etc.
Many of these indigenous medicinal leaves are also used for medicinal purpose (Edeoga, 2005). The leaves of BlighiaSapida are green with a characteristic odour and BlighiaSapida is valuable medicinal plant that is wide spread in West Africa.
Phytochemicals are chemical compounds that occur naturally in plant (phyto means “plant” in Greek). Some are responsible for colour and other organoleptic properties, such as the purple of blue berries and the smell of garlic. Phytochemical also refers to extraction, screening and identification of the medicinally active substance found in a plant.
Some of the bioactive substance found in a plant are flavonoids, tannis, alkaloids. Phytochemicals may have biological significance for example carotenoids or flavonoids, but are not established as essential nutrient (Edeoga, 2005).
Herbal medicine is the use of plants for medicinal purpose, it has also form the source of much useful therapy in herbalism (Sofowora, 2002).
The term herbs refers to plants used for medicinal purpose. The medicinal benefits of hers have been known for centuries. Human have always been dependent on plants for medicine, food and healing. The healing properties of herbs have not changed through the centuries. Herbs when properly used are safe, gentle and effective.
The natural chemical properties of certain herbs have been shown to have medicinal value and are used in some modern drugs. Plant being a part of nature is said to represent perfect balance, healing requires the natural combination of elements in the plant or herbs not just a single chemical within it. Some advantages of using herbs are:
Lower cost (minimum cost) some of this plant can be planted in our home.
It is effective in reducing excess weight. It can decrease the risk of obesity. (Zolar, 2014).
Wide spread availability.
Some disadvantages of herbs are:
Lack dosage instruction.
Inappropriate for some conditions such as heart attack.
Traditional medicine is the sum total of the knowledge, skills and practices based on beliefs and experience indigenous of different cultures. They are used in maintenance of health as well as in the prevention, improvement or treatment of physical illnesses.
Blighia Sapida (ackee) leave is also known as achee, ackee apple or akee leave. In Hausa, it is called the Gwanjakusa, in Yoruba, it is known as the Ishin or Ankye and in Igbo, it is called Okpu leave. It is a member of sapindaceae (soap berry family), a nature of tropical West Africa mostly found in Jamaica, China, Nigeria etc. In Nigeria, this plant is most common in the Western part of the country, the common name is derived from the West African Akan akyafufo.
Ackee leaves are used as medicinal herbs. It is a natural remedy and alternative medicine for some aliments. These leaves crushed with salt are poultice on ulcers, the leaf juice is employed to the eye as eye drop for conjunctivitis. Its extract are used in management of cardiovascular disease. Blighia Sapida leaves are used in management of diabetes in Nigeria.
Extract of Blighia Sapida leave at all doses used, reduced blood glucose level and prevents oxidative stress. The leaves of these plant can be used as herbal tea, consumed for various aliment such as flu, cold, as well as mucous congestion. It is good to treat asthma by adding lime or lemon juice to it. The leaves may also be used for stomach conditions as well.(Plemenkov,v.v., 2001)
1.1 AIM
This research work is carried out to identify the phytochemical in the fruits and arils of Blighia Sapida.
1.2 OBJECTIVES
To identify some of the phytochemicals present in Blighia Sapida fruit and aril.
To identify the functional group present in Blighia Sapida fruit and arils.
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