This is a complete project material on Proximate Analysis And Bacteriological Quality Of Two Varieties Of Garden Egg (Solanum Gilo And Solanum Incarnum)
ABSTRACT
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Safety of food is a basic requirement of food quality. This study aimed at investigating bacteriological contamination and the proximate composition of garden egg species (Solanum gilo and Solanum incarnum) obtained from selected markets within Kaduna state metropolis. Pour plate technique was used for bacteriological analysis and AOAC described method was used for proximate analysis. Serial dilutions of the samples were used following standard bacteriological practices. All screened sample had levels of bacterial count ranging from (1.35 x 104 to 1.53 105 cfu/gm).
Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia Coli and Salmonella spps were isolated and identified. The proximate analysis of the samples showed a moisture contents of S.gilo and S.incarnum are (89.5% and 92.4), ash (0.55% & 0.53%), crude fiber (2.95% & 1.30%), crude protein (2.25% & 1.34%) fat (0.62% & 0.27%) and carbohydrate (4.13% & 4.16%) respectively.
This study revealed that fruits many serve as potential vehicles for transmitting food borne illnesses in Nigeria. This calls for urgent public sensitization regulatory bodies to oversee the activities of fruit vendors in the study area and other public places where fruits are sold in Nigeria.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Content
Title Page
Declaration
Approval page
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Table of content
Abstract
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Aim
1.2 Objectives
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 Historical View of Garden Egg
2.2 Nutritional Value of Garden Egg
2.3 Uses of Garden Egg
2.4 Medicinal Importance of Garden Egg
2.5 Contamination
2.6 Spoilage of Fruits
2.7 Spoilage Organism
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Material and Method
3.1 Samples Collection and Handling
3.2 Determination of the Proximate Analysis
3.3 Ash Content
3.4 Crude Fibre
3.5 Moistuer Content
3.6 Fat Content
3.7 Crude Protein Content
3.8 Carbohydrate Content
3.9 Media Preparation
3.9.1 Preparation of Mannitol Salt Agar
3.9.2 Preparation of Mac-Conkey Agar
3.9.3 Preparation of Salmonella Shigella Agar
3.9.4 Enumeration & Identification of Micro-Organisms
3.9.5 Enumeration and Isolation of Escherichia Coli
3.9.7 Biochemical Characterization and Identification of
Isolates
CHAPTER FOUR
Results
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Discussion, Conclusion and Recommendation
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Recommendations
Reference
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Fruits are widely grown in most parts of sub-saharan Africa, especially in the urban areas and they constitute the most affordable and sustainable source of micro-nutrients in diet. The name ‘’ Garden egg plant’’ was derived from the shape of the fruits of some varieties which are white and shaped like chicken eggs The fruits of the plant comes in a wide array of the shapes and colour, some are yellow and small with green stripes; there are the big yellow ones with white colour and flat ribbed green types among others (Chen, et al., 2001)
The plant (Solanum spp) is a fruit with increasing popularity in the world, it is originated from tropical Africa and it is an economic flowering plant belonging to the family solanancea, of which member of about 1,400 species found throughout the temperate and tropical region of the world and are mostly herbaceous plant. (Norman, 1992).
Solanum gilo and Solanum incarnum are species of african egg plants or garden egg as it is commonly called in many parts of Nigeria where they are used for hospitality in place of cola nuts and as stew condiments. Solanum species are used in traditional medicine as antioxidants and laxative (Mennella et al., 2010).
Fruits such as garden egg, cucumber, apple and pawpaw maybe contaminated with micro-organisms from source such as soil, water, animal, birds and insect during production processes of harvesting, washing, slicing and packaging also can create additional conditions where contamination can occur.
The contamination of fruits and vegetables by bacteria could also be as a result of poor handling practices in food supply chain, storage condition, distribution, marketing practices and transportation (Effiuv, 2000). In view of the above therefore, this study may provide information which will help reduce consumption of contaminated garden egg fruits and consequently reduce infection associated with the fruits and also provide knowledge on the nutritional value of the fruits.
1.1 AIM
To determine the bacteriological quality and proximate composition of the varieties of garden egg, (S.gilo and S.incarenum).
1.2 OBJECTIVES
– To determine the bacteriological quality of the fruits
– To isolate and identify bacteria associated with the fruits
– To determine the proximate analysis of the fruits.
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