Download complete project materials on Determination Of Concentrations Of Lead, Iron, Zinc, Copper And Cadmium From Some Canned And Frozen Fish In Nigeria. A case study of samples sold within Kaduna Metropolis
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CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
Fish an important source of protein and is a food for the brain as well as good protein. Fish is a food of excellent nutritional value, providing high quality protein and a wide variety of vitamins and minerals, including vitamins A and D, phosphorus, magnesium, selenium and iodine in Marine fish (Erhabor, 2011). Fish protein, like meat, is easily digestible and favorably compliments dietary protein provided by cereals and legumes that are typically consumed all over the world.
Experts agree that, even in small quantities, fish can have a significant positive impact in improving the quality of dietary protein by complimenting the essential amino acids that are often present in low quantities in vegetable-based diets (Shaikh,2003).
Resent research shows that fish is much more than just an alternative source of animal protein. Fish oils in fatty fish are the richest sources of type of fat that is vital to natural brain development in unborn babies and infants. Without adequate amount of these fatty acids, normal brain development does not take place
(Taweel, 2012). Closely spaced pregnancies, often seen in developing countries, can lead to the depletion of the mother’s supply of essential fatty acids, leaving younger siblings deprived of this vital nutrient at a crucial stage in their growth.
This makes fatty fish such as tuna, mackerel and sardine all of which are commonly available in developing countries a particularly good choice for the diet of pregnant and lactating women. In general, people in developing countries are much more dependent on fish as part of their daily diets than others living in the developed world (Gholam, 2005).
Scope of the Study
The study is to determine the level of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, and Fe) in fish, in the form of frozen and canned fishes. In different species of fish like sardines, mackerel tuna and kpala (blue whiting).
The samples will be obtained from three different market in Kaduna such as: Central Market, Kawo Market and Kasuwan Barchi.
Global Fish Consumption
The contribution of fish to global diets has reached a record of about 17kg per person on average, supplying over three billion people with at least 15% of their average animal protein intake (Tutwiler, 2014). This increase is due mainly to the ever-growing production of aquaculture which is set to overtake capture fisheries as a source of food.
Global fish stocks have improved. Overall, fisheries and aquaculture support the livelihoods of an estimated 540 million people or 8% of the world population (Mathiesen, 2014). Fish products continue to be the most traded of all food commodities, worth a record $102 billion in 2008.
“The overall percentage of over exploited; depleted or recovering fish stocks in the world’s oceans has not dropped and is estimated to be slightly higher than in 2006.” About 32% of world fish stocks are estimated to be over exploited, depleted or recovering and need to be urgently rebuilt.
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