This is a complete project materials on Construction Of Solar Inverter
ABSTRACT
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A device that changes a DC to an AC is called INVERTER. With exception in efficient at low power level when the electrical power level is less than one watt, then the total efficiency of the device does not vary severally. Direct current inverter can maintain conversion efficiencies of some seventy to eighty percent over a wide range of power down to a few milliwatts and so are considerable technological important. An INVERTER work by counting the direct current (DC) from a battery into an alternative current (AC) power as a result of sequential arrangement of the entire component.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Content
Title Page
Declaration
Approval page
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Table of content
Abstract
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Justification of the Work
1.2 Problem Statement
1.3 Scope of the Study
1.4 Aim and Objectives
CHAPTERS TWO
2.0 Literature Review
2.1 The Inverter
2.2 Battery
2.3 Solar Panel
2.3.1 Choice of Element
2.3.2 Effect of Light Intensity on Efficiency of Solar Panel
2.3.3 Merit and Demerit of Solar Panel
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Component of Solar Inverter
3.1 Operation of the Inverter
3.1.1 Pulsing Circuit
3.1.2 Driving Circuit
3.1.3 Transformer Switching Circuit
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Results
4.1 Testing
4.2 Discussion
CHAPTER FIVE
Conclusion
Recommendation
Reference
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
A solar inverter, or PV inverter, converts the direct current (dc) output of a photovoltaic (PV) solar panel into a utility frequency alternating current (ac) that can be fed into a commercial electrical grid or used by a local off grid electrical network.
There are also inverters which convert alternating current to direct current these are used in converting AC supply to battery energy which is a direct current sources. It is a component in a photovoltaic system allowing the use of ordinary commercial appliances.
Solar inverters have special functions adapted for use with photovoltaic arrays, including maximum power point tracking and anti-slanding protection. Solar inverter has the capability to improve the DC power into AC power making it useful to operate equipment such as household items, computers, power tools, and much more by simply plugging typically equipment into the inverter. (Hussain A., 2008).
1.1 JUSTIFICATION OF THE WORK
Today to generate most of electric power, conventional Sources like Coal, gas nuclear power generator are used. Some of conventional sources pollute the environment while generating electricity. N uclear energy is not much preferable because of its harmful radiation effect on creatures.
In ten years time conventional sources may not be sufficient enough to fulfil the requirement of mind kind. So some of the electrical power should be generated by non-conventional energy sources like solar. With the continuously reducing cost of PV power generation and further intensification of energy crises, PV power generation technology becomes more and more inevitable.
Conventionally, there are two ways in which electrical power is transmitted. Direct current comes from a source of constant voltage and is suitable to short range or device level transmission. Alternating current consists of sinusoidal voltage source in which a continuously changing voltage (and current) can be used. Long distance electrical transmission favours AC power, since the voltage can be boosted easily with the use of transformers.
By boosting the voltage, less current is needed to deliver a given amount of power to a load, reducing the resistive loss through conductors. The adaption of AC power has created a trend where most devices adapt AC power from an outlet into the need for mobility and simplicity has given batteries an advantage in portable power.
Thus, for portable AC power, inverters are needed. Inverter takes a DC voltage from a portable AC power, inverter are needed. Inverter takes a DC voltage from a battery or a solar panel as input and converts it into an AC voltage output. (Khan B. H., 2006).
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
The world demand for electric energy is constantly increasing and conventional energy resources are diminishing and are even threatened to the depleted. Moreover, their prices are rising for the reasons, the need for alternating energy sources has become indispensable and solar energy in particular because of its free nature pollution is highly required.
Due to the increasing and cost of photovoltaic cells and the improvement of the switching technology used for power convention, the desirability of solar energy is increasing (Van M.E ., 2014).
Solar panels produce direct current [dc] and to connect these panels to the electricity grid or use them in other industrial applications, we should have an AC output at a certain required voltage level and frequency.
The conversion from DC to AC is essentially accomplished by means of a DC-AC inverter, which is the major component in the system. The output of the solar panels is not continuously constant and is related to the instantaneous sunlight intensity and ambient temperature.
1.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
As whole world is facing problem of global warming and energy crisis, this project will help to reduce these problem by using solar energy to generate electricity.
The solar inverter construct by us is just a prototype for making future project which incorporate advanced technologist like micro controller solar tracking, charge controller, etc.
This project is also written in the chapters with chapter one containing the introduction of the solar inverter, justification of the work, problem statement, scope and aim and objectives of the project.
Chapter two is the literature review while chapter three contains the materials and methodology. Chapter four is the result, testing and discussion and chapter five contains conclusion, recommendation, and references (Van M.E ., 2014).
1.4 AIM AND OBJECTIVES
The aim and objectives of this project is to construct a PV based system that produces electric energy and operate in dual mode, supplying stand-alone AC loads, while minimizing its cost and size.
The system main property is the production of quality electricity from a renewable sources to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and the associated emission of pollutants.
Our goal is to construct an inverter that will handle the task described. (Van M.E., 2014).
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