Download complete project materials on Comparative Study Of Selected Types Of Solar Cell
ABSTRACT
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Solar cells are an alternative method for generating electricity directly from sunlight. This project get down to the atomic level and learn about the world of solid state electronics as it investigate how solar cells work. This experiment measure the effect of changing light intensity on power output from the solar cell. The experiment measure the current, voltage for varying distance of two different solar cells.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
A solar cell or photovoltaic cell is an electrical device that converts the energy of light directly into electricity and by the photovoltaic effect, which is a physical and chemical phenomenon. It is a form of photoelectric cell, defined as a device whose electrical characteristics, such as current, voltage or resistance, vary when exposed to light. Solar cells are the building blocks of photovoltaic modules, otherwise known as solar panels. (Shockley, et al., 1961).
Solar cell or photovoltaic is made up of semiconductor materials such as silicon, gallium arsenide and cadmium telluride, etc. that converts sunlight directly into electricity. When solar cells absorb sunlight, free electrons and holes are created at positive/negative junctions. If the positive and negative junctions of solar cell are connected to DC electrical equipment, current is delivered to operate the electrical equipment. (Jones, et al., 2012).
Solar cells are described as being photovoltaic, irrespective of whether the source is sunlight or an artificial light. They are used as a photodetector (for example infrared detectors), radiation near the visible range or measuring light intensity.
The operation of photovoltaic (PV) cell requires three basic attributes:
- The absorption of light, generating either electron-hole pairs or excitons
- The separation of charge carriers of opposite types
- The separate extraction of those carriers to an external circuit
In contrast, a solar thermal collector supplies heat by absorbing sunlight, for the purpose of either direct heating or indirect electrical power generation from heat. “A photoelectrolytic cell” (phtoelectrochemical cell), on the other hand, refers either to type of photovoltaic cell (like that developed by Edmond Becqurel and modern dye-sensitized solar cells), or to a device that splits water directly into hydrogen and oxygen using solar illumination. (Deyo, et al., 1976).
1.1 BASICS OF SOLAR CELL
Solar energy is the ultimate source of energy, which is naturally replenished in a short period of time, for this reason it is called “renewable energy” or “sustainable energy” source. To take advantages of solar energy, the variety of technologies is used to covert solar energy to heat and electricity. The use of solar energy involves ‘energy conservation’ because it is the way to use energy source that comes from the nature and uses it more wisely and efficiently. (Herwig, et al., 1999).
1.2 JUSTIFICATION
The benefit that accrued from the current study are numerous. Specifically, the major findings from the study will go a long way in providing information on selected types of solar cells, the development, efficiency, applications and optimization of photovoltaic cells. The information will be very useful in providing information, analysis on the selected types of solar cells.
1.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This study is limited to determination of the selected types of solar cells, assessment of the power of the selected types of solar cell, the present work focuses on the comparisons of the selected types of solar cells, the voltage, current and the power.
1.4 AIM AND OBJECTIVES
The aim of the work is to compare the selected types of solar cells. The main objective of the work is to:
Compare the power of the selected types of solar cell
Determine the voltage and current of the selected types of solar cell
Compare the voltage and current of the selected types of solar cell.
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