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CHAPTER ONE
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INTRODUCTION
NUTRITION
Nutrition is defined as the science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism. It includes food intake, absorption, assimilation, biosynthesis, catabolism and excretion. (National institutes of health 2014)
NUTRITIONAL STATUS
Nutritional status is the intake of a diet sufficient to meet or exceed the needs of the individuals will keep the composition and function of the otherwise healthy individuals within the normal range. (K.N Jeejeebhoy 1990).
ADOLESCENTS
An adolescent is a period of rapid growth and maturation in human development. Adolescents can also be define as the period of human growth that occurs between childhood and adulthood between the ages of ten (10) to twenty (20) years (Maiti et al., 2011)
The diet of an organism is what it eats, which is largely determined by the availability the processing and palatability of foods. A healthy diet includes preparation of food and storage methods that preserve nutrients from oxidation heat or leaching and that reduce risk of food borne illness.
A poor diet may cause health problems, causing deficiency diseases such as blindness , anemia scurvy, preterm birth health. Threatening conditions like obesity and metabolic syndrome and such chronic systemic diseases as cardiovascular disease, diabetes and osteoporosis. ( Deborah, 2014)
Today scientist have also identified compounds in plants food called phytochemicals. Although not technically identified as a nutrient, these compounds have been associated with a variety of balanced diet example of phytochemicals include lycopene(the red pigment in tomatoes) Isoflonoids in soybeans and capsaicin (the flavor compounds in hot pepper researchers of these compounds are showing phytochemical as an important contribution to a health diet. (Shereen Leyman, 2014).
Nutrition principles are applied to the life cycle from the time of conception to needs in the later years for older adults. Areas of nutrition emphasis include pregnancy, infancy, childhood, adolescents, adulthood and the older adult. The relationship between diet and health is strong. A look at the research documents the connection with chronic disease, stroke, hypertension, cancer, diabetes mellitus and obesity (Sharon Rady 2013).
1.4 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
To find out the food habits of senior students attending Government technical college Malali, Kaduna
To assess there nutritional status
To determine the nutrients intake using 24 hours dietary recall
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