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ABSTRACT
A healthy diet and good nutrition during pregnancy ensures that, the baby gets the best start possible; the best diet is an adequate one that would provide required amount of protein, carbohydrate and healthy types of fat as well as vitamin and Minerals. Methodology: semi- structured questionnaire which was divided into three sections was used, Section A: Demographic characteristics of respondents. Section B: Dietary and food consumption pattern of respondents.
Section C: Supplement intake and health status of respondents. Result: the study indicated that, 35.8% of women have income of #5,900 and above, as the majority are traders followed by educational level which shows 42.9% had tertiary education. 42.9% have household size between 2-3. Poor dietary intake as 50% consumes inadequate breakfast, lunch and dinner including micronutrient rich food sources.
There was high intake of vitamin and minerals supplement and healthy status is moderately maintained among respondents which may be due to their educational level and knowledge of the important of supplement in pregnancy. Recommendation; government and state holder should encourage women empowerment to reduce poverty and hunger, improve education is enable women have knowledge of having to provide adequate meal for the family and maintaining healthy nutrition in pregnancy.
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TABLE OF CONTENT
Title Page
Declaration
Approval Page
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table of Content
CHAPTER ONE
1.0Â Â Â Â Introduction
1.1Â Â Â Â State of the Problem
1.2Â Â Â Â Aims and Objectives
CHAPTER TWO
2.0Â Â Â Â Literature Review
2.1Â Â Â Â Introduction
2.2Â Â Â Â Physiological Changes during Pregnancy
2.3Â Â Â Â Nutrition in Pregnancy
2.4Â Â Â Â Effect of Poor Nutrition in Pregnancy
2.5Â Â Â Â Nutritional Requirements of Pregnancy
CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY
3.1Â Â Â Â Study Area
3.2Â Â Â Â Study Population
3.3Â Â Â Â Sampling Techniques
3.4Â Â Â Â Focus Group Discussion
3.5Â Â Â Â Instrument for Data Collection
3.6Â Â Â Â Data Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0Â Â Â Â Result and Discussion
4.1.   The Result of Table 4.1
4.2Â Â Â Â The Results of Table 4.2
4.3Â Â Â Â The Result of Table 4.3
4.4Â Â Â Â Discussion
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0Â Â Â Â Introduction
5.1Â Â Â Â Conclusion
5.2Â Â Â Â Recommendation
References
Appendices
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CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
A healthy diet and good nutrition during pregnancy ensure that the baby gets the best start possible; the best diet is an adequate one that would provide required amount of protein, carbohydrate, and healthy types of fat as well as vitamins and minerals. While taking a prenatal multivitamin to ensure that the body gets the basic requirement of vitamin, mineral and other important nutrition packed fresh foods will be best start in life. (Joak Lingem MD 2012).
A healthy diet during pregnancy contains much the same balance of vitamins, mineral and nutrients. If already have healthy eating adjustment to ensure a healthy pregnancy. Most expert recommended pregnant women consume and addition 300 calories over the normal intake requirements. Avoid dieting and the urge to being eat during pregnancy.
According to the medical dictionary pregnancy  is a period from conception to birth. After the egg is fertilized by a sperm and then implanted in the lining of the uterus, it develops into the placenta and embryo and later into a fetus (Farlex, 2012).
Pregnancy typically divided into three trimester the first is from week one through 12 and the include conception. The second trimester is from 13 through 28 around the middle of the second trimester movement of the fetus maybe felt. The third trimester is from 29 week through 40week.
According to medical dictionary diet is defined as a person’s regularly consumes food and drink or it can mean regulating food intake to loss or gain weight. While dietary pattern are frame work that people tense to follow when making choice about what to eat (love to know corp, 2016).
Nutrition in preconception and pregnancy during the early stages of pregnancy since the placenta is not yet formed, there is no mechanism to protect the embryo from the deficiencies which maybe inherent in the mother’s circulation, thus, it is critical that an adequate amount of nutrients and energy is consumed. Supplementing individual’s diet with foods rich in folic acid such as oranges and dark leafy vegetable, help to prevent neural tube, birth defect in fetus in addition prenatal vitamins typically contain increased amounts of folic acid, iodine, iron, vitamin A, vitamin D, zinc and calcium over the amount found in standard multi-vitamins. (Barasi EM, 2003).
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Adequate nutrient is important pregnancy during pregnancy, for example. Carbohydrate is important for brain, nervous system, kidney and muscles it is mainly store in the liver and muscles to use later for energy. Protein builds new cells and fixed damaged ones in all part of the body and important for growth. Fat are broken down into the simplest form of fatty acid used for cell membranes, energy and support for internal organs.
The vitamin is important for preventing deficiency diseases. The mineral is important for building thyroid gland iron for blood cell. Folic acid is an important vitamin that stimulates red blood cell formation and the production of important chemical signal in the nervous system. Calcium is important for strong bones and teeth. Copper stimulate the growth of cell and tissue. Magnesium is also important for pregnant for tissue growth and repair.
Phosphorus is an important part of developed of muscular, circulate and skeletal system. Riboflavin is important for fetal development and growth. Thiamine is important for metabolism and development of the brain. Vitamin B6 is important for body’s metabolism and for development of the fetal brain and nervous systems.
Poor nutrition during pregnancy has been linked to an increased risk of low birth weight, infant mortality due to some abnormalities such as neural tube defect. Pregnant women with in adequate nutrition experience greater morbidity and have higher risk of poor pregnancy outcome (premature birth miscarriage) and increase risk of anemia.
1.1 Statement of the Problem
In first and second trimester during pregnancy absence or inadequate intake of diet can cause serious health effect on pregnant women and the fetus such as anemia, loss of weight, miscarriage, premature birth, neural tube defect, brain damage and also promote the level of mortality rate of both infant and the mother. Therefore, there is need to assess the nutritional status of the pregnant mother and supplement intake in the first and second trimester.
1.2 Aim and objective
The aim of this study is to assess the dietary pattern and supplement intake of pregnant women (1st and 2nd trimester) in Badiko community Kaduna
 ObjectivesÂ
Specific Objectives are as to:
1. assess the demographic characteristic of pregnant women (1st and 2nd trimester) in Badiko community Kaduna
2. assess the dietary and food consumption pattern of pregnant women (1st and 2nd trimester) in Badiko community Kaduna
3. Determine the supplement intake and health status of pregnant women (1st and 2nd trimester) in Badiko community Kaduna
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