Download complete project materials for Generation Of Electrical Energy From Irish Potato (Solanum Tuberosum) from chapter one to five
ABSTRACT
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Irish Potato. (Solanum tuberosum) was investigated for its ability to generate bioelectricity. Zinc nail and copper wire were used as the electrodes. Each average size potato was able to generate 0.43 to 0.51 volts. These potatoes were connected in series randomly and were able to generate 2.03 volts the suspected electrolyte (the potato juice was analysed using a pH meter. The pH of the juice was found to be 6.1.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Irish Potato (Solanum Tuberosum): is said to have originated from the highland of Bolovia in South America. (Oliver 2005). The spread of the crop outside its center of origin was mainly by deliberate introduction.
The crop moved out from South America to Spain in 1570 in England in 1585, then to Ireland by Spanish explorers in Ireland and become so popular such that it is not surprising that it acquired the misnomer of Irish potato. (Leonard, 2001).
In development countries, Irish Potato is ranked first in energy production per hectare per day significantly above cassava and cereals. It is a lover of cool climate and rainfall of about 800mm during growing seasons under rain-fed condition or irrigated, but water logged areas are unsuitable.
(Ifenkwe, 2003). Temperatures higher than 270c are unfavourable for the production of economic size tubers. Observations have shown that temperature ranges 210C to 260C is required for sprouting of the tubers (Ifenkwe, 2003).
POTATO IN NIGERIA
Irish potato was introduced into Nigeria early in the 20th century by European miners in Jos Plateau. Jos plateau has high altitude and thus, cool climate which is favourable of the development of the crop.
Jos South local government area (LGA) accounts for 25% of the total Irish potato produced in Nigeria (Wuyep, 2012).
The crop is efficient in converting land labour water and capital into a highly nutritious food. This is not surprising than it has a shorter growing cycle of about 95 days than most other tuber crops in the tropics.
BIOELECTRICITY FROM IRISH POTATO
Electricity can be generated by a chemical reaction between electrodes (copper and zinc) and an electrolyte (sulfuric acid). The potato juice/liquid can serve as the electrolyte and generate electricity between two electrodes (Hila, 2011).
The current that is output by the battery through a meter will depend on the size of the electrodes, how far the electrodes are inserted into the potato and how close to each other the electrodes are placed, the voltage is fairly independent of these details of the electrodes (M.S, 2011).
BIOELECTRICITY
Bioelectricity, electric potentials and currents produced by or occurring within living organisms. Bioelectric potentials are generated by a variety of biological processes and generally range in strength from one to a few hundred millivolts. However current of one ampere at 600 to 1,000 volts are generated. (Marshall, 2007).
Bioelectric potentials are identical with the potentials produced by devices such as batteries or generators. In nearly all cases, however, a bioelectric current consist of flow of ions (i.e electrically charged atoms or molecules), where as the electric current used for lighting, communication or is a movement of electrons. (Marshall, 2007).
If two solutions with different concentrations of an ion are separated by a membrane that block the flow of ions between them. The concentration imbalance gives rise to an electric potential difference between the solutions.
The bioelectric potential across a cell membrane is typically about 30 millivolts; this potential is known as the resting potential. (Morton, 2007).
Aim
To generate electrical energy by converting chemical energy in Solanum Tuberosum (Irish potatoes).
Objectives
To create an electrochemial cell from Irish Potatoes using copper and zinc metals as electrodes.
To use Light Emitting Diode (L.E.D) to measure the bulbs and a voltmeter to measure the electrical energy produced and determine the quantity of the electrical energy produced.
To determine the PH of the potato Juice from the tissue.
Statement of Research
Finding an alternative to electricity generation using the principle of bioelectricity.
Justification of Research
The need to explore the knowledge to generate bioelectricity from living biological system. In very rural setting potatos may be used for basic lightering in the home without loosing its edibility.
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