This is complete downloadable project materials on The Perception Of Nigerian Higher Institutions Students Towards Abortion from chapter one to five
CHAPTER ONE
PASS 2024 UTME WITHOUT STRESS:- 👉 DOWNLOAD and PRACTICE with 2023 UTME CBT APP 📱👈
CLICK to DOWNLOAD NOW.:- 👉 PASS Your POST UTME by Downloading Your School's Post UTME Past Questions and Answers 📱👈
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The termination of pregnancies most generally known as “abortion” is a universal phenomenon occurring throughout all levels of societal organization and recorded history (Archibong, 1991). Abortion is defined as the termination of pregnancy by the removal or expulsion from the uterus of a fetus or embryo prior to viability.
An abortion can occur spontaneously, in which case it is usually called a miscarriage, or it can be purposely induced. The term abortion most commonly refers to the induced abortion of a human pregnancy (Shah andAhman, 2009).
Most university students and students of other institutions of higher learning especially in Nigeria are young adults or adolescents who are at that phase of their lives when they start to discover and explore their sexuality behaviour, typified by development of sexual values, the initiation of sexual acts and an upsurge of sex drives, leading to a rather consistent aggression of intense sexual activities (Alubo 2000;
DeLamaterand Friedrich, 2000).This is consistent with reports that majority of adolescents throughout the world are sexually active by the age of 19, with boys having the mean age of sexual activity at 14.4 years and girls at 15.9 years (UNAIDS/WHO 2000).
The age of adolescence, a transitional period between childhood to adulthood is considered to be the most vulnerable of human life as it is associated with a lot of physical, mental, social and emotional development (Oyefara, 2011) and generally typified by confusion, mixed messages from different media (video, television, internet, satellite broadcasting, etc.), exuberance and a penchant for experimentation with different immoderations and sex being most ubiquitous (Alubo, 2000).
The consensus in literature is that people in this age bracket engage in high risk sexual behaviour, which predisposes them to different reproductive health challenges including unwanted pregnancy (Alubo, 2000). Lear (1997) has observed that “college (university) years may be viewed as an extension of adolescence” and young adults and college (university) students are more likely to experiment sexually,often with multiple partners without using any form of protection such as condoms on a regular basis.
Usman (1997) and Harrison (1997) posit that there is evidence that unintended pregnancy, maternal mortality and sexually transmitted diseases are much higher among this segment than others in various societies.
Studies in this area have established a high prevalence of sexual networking, with associated reproductive health problems such as unintended/unwanted pregnancies, induced abortion, and sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV/AIDS among students (Usman, 1997; Harrison, 1997; Oyefara, 2011).
Alubo (2000) stated that there has come to be such significant upsurge of rampant sexual activities among adolescent particularly, university students in Nigeria because of the erosion, by foreign religions, of the (traditional African) moral and behavioural.
Other factors that have contributed to the increasing sexual laxity fomented by the pervading moral latitude among young people in Nigeria are apprenticeships (Oyefara, 2011), and education (Alubo, 2000), which not only necessitated that most youths had to leave home early, thus breaking away from moral constraints traditionally applied by family members and becoming “freed” from elders who had hitherto directed and sought to control their behaviour.
These also brought with them new values about life that in many instances contradict traditional African values. Beyondthe role of age, religion, education, apprenticeship and exposure to different mass media in the shaping of the prevailing sexual values and orientation of students.
Bankole, Boniface, Oye, Singh, Isaac, Deirdre, Sedgh, and Hussain (2006) noted that often hundreds of thousands of women (among who are young adults in the higher institutions across Nigeria), become pregnant without wanting to, and some of such women decide to terminate the pregnancy through induced abortion.
Today, abortion is one of the most common gynaecological experiences, which the majority of women will perhaps undergo in their lifetimes (Ahman and Shah 2004).Since abortion is illegal in Nigeria (unless medically recommended to save a mother’s life), many abortions are carried out clandestinely, often in an unsafe environment and are therefore classified as unsafe abortion(Abiodun andBalogun, 2009; Bankole,et al, 2004).
Rampant as the issue of unprotected sex, unwanted pregnancy, unsafe abortion and the likely consequent post-abortion complications amongst university students and students of other institutions of higher learning have apparently become, it however appears to be under-researched and less reported as issues relating to how students live, including sexual relations, are seldom examined, even as the students and other young people are known to be a most sexually active population(Sai, 1995; Onifade, 1999; Lear, 1995; Varaga and Makubalo, 1996).
In a study in Lagos, unsafe abortion accounted for 22.5% of maternal deaths over a ten year period. Of these, 61% were single school girls (EmuveyanandAgboghoroma, 2006). Oriji, Jeremiah and Kasso (2009) reported in a study conducted at the University of Port Harcourt that up to 47% of undergraduates had performed abortion in the past.
Udoh (2000) reported that 33% of the 393 female students studied in Sabon-Gari Local Government Area of Kaduna State were found to be sexually exposed. More than 31% of the sexually experienced respondents had multiple sexual partners, while 13.2% of the respondents reported that they were pregnant at some point but they had the pregnancies aborted in order to avoid being sent out of school.
Hence this study examines the perception of students of Federal Cooperative College, Kaduna towards the practice of abortion.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Women throughout the world, both in the past and in contemporary societies, have always turned to abortion as a last resort to prevent unwanted births. Moreover, they do so even when abortion is a dangerous procedure or where it is against the law (Berer, 2000).One of the commonest problem university and other tertiary institutions students are facing is abortion and its complications.
Nearly three quarters of pregnancies in university students are reported to have ended with abortion. A significant proportion of these abortions are induced in an unsafe way (BerhanuandNigatu, 2010; El-Adas, 2007).
The age at which young undergraduate ladies involve themselves in abortion in Nigeria and other developing countries is worrisome considering the risk they expose themselves to (Cervical cancer, vaginal infection, womb damage), and other complicated health issues have been associated with abortion (Bolude, 2006).
For fear of the stigma from the society, female students at tertiary institutions tend to abort or terminate unwanted pregnancies owing to so many reasons ranging from poor socio-economic conditions, rape, uncommitted sexual partners, authoritarian parents and peer influence to unpreparedness of motherhood (Ajadi, 2009).
When female students realize that they have been impregnated by married and/or older sexual partners who are unemployed, they are more likely to opt for abortion so that their studies do not become adversely affected (Patel &Kooverjee, 2009).
Merwe (2006) argue that when there is no social support for female students terminating pregnancies from higher learning institutions, their academic performance is bound to deteriorate thereby increasing female university dropouts. For fear of being punished and/or rejected, when they find themselves pregnant, they decide on performing abortions without even involving their parents (LouwandLouw; 2007; Pastorinoand Doyle-Portillo, 2009).
Female students who have had abortions suffer an increased risk of anxiety, excessive worry, nightmares, insomnia, depression, negative social relationships and suicide attempts (Bradshaw and Slade, 2003; Noleen–Hoeksema, 2008).
Emotional distress such as remorse, guilt feelings, self- condemnation, tendency to cry out without cause, discomfort upon meeting babies, or recurrent fantasizing about the baby (its gender, looks, etc) become evident (Soderberg, Janzonand Sjoberg, 1998).
It was found that female students who aborted their unintended pregnancies were 30 percent more likely to subsequently report all the symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder than those who had carried their unintended pregnancies to term (Bachiochi, 2005).
Arowojolu, Ilesanmi, Roberts and Okunola (2002) in their survey found out that Nigerian undergraduate were slightly less than one fifth had ever been pregnant and had an abortion. On the other hand, a study conducted among female undergraduates in the University of Benin revealed a slightly higher prevalence and about one third of the females had ever had an abortion (Aziken,Okontaand Adedapo, 2003).
A study of female postsecondary students in Enugu State Nigeria, showed that, 21% of respondents reported having had unwanted pregnancy and 18% reported having had induced abortion (Uche,Nancy, Joan and Daniel, 1997). A study by Okpani and Okpani (2000) of seven hundred and sixty-eight (768) randomly selected single senior secondary school girls from Port Harcourt two hundred and ten pregnancies (24 deliveries and 186 induced abortions) had occurred in 142 out of 605 girls (78.8%) who admitted being sexually exposed.
Students in the tertiary institution environment are away from home and become free to experiment sexually especially without any parental supervision. Coupled with their lack of, or poor knowledge of contraception, quite a few usually end up with unwanted pregnancies and are quite often faced with the predicament of dealing with the problem thereof. It is against this backdrop that the study was embarked upon to examine the perception of students of Federal Cooperative College, Kaduna towards the practice of abortion.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
In view of the foregoing problem, this research intends to address the following questions:
What is the prevalence of the practice of abortion among students of Federal Cooperative College, Kaduna?
What is the perception of students towards abortion in Federal Cooperative College, Kaduna?
What are the factors which influence the practice of abortion among students of Federal Cooperative College, Kaduna?
THE OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The general objective of the study is to examine the perception of students of Federal Cooperative College, Kaduna towards the practice of abortion.
In order to achieve the broad objective, the specific research objectives are as follows:
- To identify the prevalence of the practice of abortion among students of Federal Cooperative College, Kaduna.
- To examine the perception of students towards abortion in Federal Cooperative College, Kaduna.
- To determine the factors which influence the practice of abortion among students of Federal Cooperative College, Kaduna.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study examines the perception of students of Federal Cooperative College, Kaduna towards the practice of abortion. This study will shed light on the abortion among students. The ability to identify the areas of concern of the study will help in improving health programmes.
The study is therefore significant because it will be beneficial to all categories of women, students and the society at large. This is because the understanding of the causes of abortion will enable society and tertiary institutions authorities look for means to address and reduce the menace.
The information obtained from the study is expected to guide school medical staff in providing information and counseling to young students to develop proper knowledge of abortion. It will help individuals identify the negative effect or disadvantage associated with the involvement of abortion and how it affects the society at large.
SEE >> HOW TO DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE PROJECT (CHAPTER 1-5) NOW
>GUARANTTEE|:| Score 280 Above in 2024 UTME👉 DOWNLOAD FREE JAMB CBT APP HERE:.: GURRANTTEE Score 280 Above in 2022 UTME👉 DOWNLOAD FREE JAMB CBT APP HERE 📱👈WISH TO STUDY & LIVE in UK?:- STUDY, WORK AND LIVE IN the UK Application Form NOW OUT. Call 08030447894
